代码如下：

python
import requests
import pandas as pd
from requests.exceptions import RequestException

def safe_json_to_excel(url, output_file, timeout=10):
    try:
        # 添加浏览器指纹头
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36',
            'Accept': 'application/json'
        }
        
        response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=timeout)
        response.raise_for_status()
        
        data = response.json()
        
        # 处理不同API返回结构
        if isinstance(data, dict):
            if 'data' in data:  # 常见结构1：{data: [...]}
                # 检查是否存在嵌套的字典列表
                nested_columns = []
                sample_data = data['data'][0] if data['data'] else {}
                for key, value in sample_data.items():
                    if isinstance(value, list) and value and isinstance(value[0], dict):
                        nested_columns.append(key)
                
                if nested_columns:
                    # 对每个包含嵌套字典的列进行展开
                    dfs = []
                    for col in nested_columns:
                        # 首先创建基础DataFrame
                        base_df = pd.json_normalize(data['data'])
                        
                        # 展开嵌套列
                        expanded_data = []
                        for idx, row in base_df.iterrows():
                            if isinstance(row[col], list):
                                for item in row[col]:
                                    if isinstance(item, dict):
                                        new_row = row.drop(col).to_dict()
                                        new_row.update(item)
                                        expanded_data.append(new_row)
                        
                        if expanded_data:
                            df_nested = pd.DataFrame(expanded_data)
                            dfs.append(df_nested)
                    
                    # 合并所有展开的数据框
                    if dfs:
                        df = pd.concat(dfs, axis=0, ignore_index=True)
                    else:
                        df = pd.json_normalize(data['data'])
                else:
                    df = pd.json_normalize(data['data'])
            elif 'items' in data:  # 常见结构2：{items: [...]}
                df = pd.json_normalize(data['items'])
            else:
                df = pd.json_normalize(data)
        else:
            df = pd.json_normalize(data)
            
        # 保存结果
        df.to_excel(output_file, index=False, engine='openpyxl')
        print(f"成功保存 {len(df)} 行数据")
        
    except RequestException as e:
        print(f"请求失败: {str(e)}")
    except ValueError:
        print("响应不是有效JSON")
    except KeyError as e:
        print(f"JSON结构异常，缺少关键字段: {str(e)}")

# 使用示例
safe_json_to_excel(
    url="https://srv1.te-germany.com/DataSourceContainerTracingPublic/Get?customerId=459&apiKey=",
    output_file="container_tracing.xlsx"
)